Prefers a well-drained loamy soil, rich in organic matter, in sun or semi-shade, but succeeds in ordinary garden soil. Plants are hardy to at least -10°c. A fast-growing climbing plant, attaching itself by means of twining around other plants, it has been recommended for covering pergolas. Most species in this genus have malodorous flowers that are pollinated by flies.

None known

Seed - best sown in a greenhouse as soon as it is ripe in the autumn. Pre-soak stored seed for 48 hours in hand-hot water and surface sow in a greenhouse. Germination usually takes place within 1 - 3 months at 20°c. Stored seed germinates better if it is given 3 months cold stratification at 5°c. When large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on in the greenhouse for their first winter. Plant out in late spring or early summer after the last expected frosts. Division in autumn. Root cuttings in winter.

Moist, rich woodlands. Forests, often on dissected uplands and rugged, rocky slopes; Cumberland and Blue Ridge mountains at elevations of 50 - 1300 metres.